If you click on link at the bottom, you'll find some tables summarizing tenses (formation and use). There are more than the ones that we have studied in class, but I want you to have a general picture, and it could be useful for you in the future.
In the last page you also have a summary of conditional clauses. Remember that we have only seen type 1 (for the moment).
The "extra" tenses (those that we haven't studied in class) appear in grey.
Summary of tenses
Can you say the same thing in different ways?
The most important thing is to understand the meaning of the sentence, and then, find an alternative way to express the same idea.
You will usually need to use a specific word (or words), which may help you.
Let's try reviewing some of the examples we saw in class:
too - (not enough)
remember, opposites are the key!
It was too cold for me to go out.
It wasn't hot enough for me to go out.
The restaurant wasn't cheap enough, so we couldn't afford to it there.
The restaurant was too expensive, so we couldn't afford to it there.
comparatives
use your logic!
Sam is taller than Katy
Katy is not as tall as Sam.
if - unless
'unless' is equivalent to 'if not', so here, negatives are the key!
PAY ATTENTION TO THE 3RD PERSON!!!
I won't talk to you if you don't listen to me
I won't talk to you unless you listen to me.
Unless she comes early, I won't see her.
If she doesn't come early, I won't see her.
different words, same meaning
the key is understanding the sentence, so use your brain!
We have lived in this town for 3 years.
We started living in this town three years ago.
I lost my mobile phone on the way to school.
I lost my mobile phone when I was walking to school.
I still haven't found it.
I haven't found it yet.
We don't usually play baseball here.
We rarely play baseball here.
Now it's your turn. Try to paraphrase the following sentences WITHOUT changing the meaning. Use the words in brackets.
1. Ana has studied English since she was 5. Now she is 13. (for)
.........................................................................................
2. Carlos is better at maths than Marco. (as)
.........................................................................................
3. When Alicia was walking home, she saw Ángela chasing a cat. (on the way)
.........................................................................................
4. "This is the last time I tell you the homework" - Julia promised (won't)
.........................................................................................
5. Belén and Nacho complained that the film was too boring (enough)
.........................................................................................
6. Alberto is not as old as Miriam. (than)
.........................................................................................
7. Nicolás and Daniel will only go to the party if Diego is invited. (unless)
.........................................................................................
8. Iván leaves home early, so he is always on time * (because)
.........................................................................................
9. This is the first time César sees Rubén studying French (before)
.........................................................................................
10. Estrella and Javier are the most talkative students in the class. (talkative)
.........................................................................................
11. Viviana and Marta have crazier ideas than the other students. (as)
.........................................................................................
12. Mario is too tall to hide under the chair. (enough)
.........................................................................................
13. Valentín is very intelligent. He may get a 10 in the next exam, but he has to study a little. (if)
.........................................................................................
14. Miriam is very hardworking. Sara is hardworking too. (as)
.........................................................................................
15. Teo's memory is quite bad. She usually forget things. (remember)
.........................................................................................
Answers
Here you have a video with one of my favourite recipes: pancakes:
Ingredients (for 8-10 pancakes)
- 180g flour
- 2 eggs
- 50 g melted butter
- 275 ml milk
- 50 g sugar
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 1/2 teaspoons salt
- 3 tablespoons of baking powder
- honey
- oil
Steps
First, mix the eggs and the sugar in a bowl. Add the melted butter and continue beating. Then, pour the vanilla and the milk and stir thoroughly.
In another bowl, sieve the flour and baking powder and add a pinch of salt. Then, add this mixture to the other eggs-milk mixture and stir well until it is smooth (with no lumps).
Heat a frying pan, add some oil and spread it a paper towel. Pour the batter and cook both sides until they are golden brown. Take the pancake to a plate and continue repeating this process until you finish all the batter.
Finally, put some butter and honey on top of the pancakes and serve it.
New words:
- thoroughly: completamente
- sieve: colar, tamizar
- lumps: grumos
- spread: extender
- batter: masa
How to make American pancakes
Here you have the listening tasks we didn't finish in class.
PET TEST (listening)
For more listening practice, check
Also availabe clicking on RESOURCES (on the right side)
Another song to practice your listening skills.
Have fun!
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